GribStream

Climate Data Assimilation System (CDAS1)

GribStream Code: cdas

Description

CDAS1 (Climate Data Assimilation System) is a global data assimilation stream designed for climate-oriented analysis and consistent retrospective fields. It blends a global model background with observations to produce gridded atmospheric states that are commonly used as baselines for climate diagnostics, anomaly studies, and long-running evaluation pipelines.

CDAS lives alongside NOAA’s CFS products in the same public AWS Open Data archive. That proximity is useful in practice: you can treat CDAS as a climate/assimilation reference and compare it against seasonal forecasts from CFS or operational guidance from GFS.

On GribStream, CDAS is exposed on a 1° latitude/longitude grid with 6-hourly cycles and short lead times (0–9 hours). The coarser resolution makes it cost-effective for global baselines and large-scale climate analytics, while still providing a broad set of standard atmospheric variables.

Detail

Parameters

0 parameters

Click a parameter to reveal variants in a compact table with ready-to-copy JSON selectors.

4LFTX Best (4-layer) Lifted Index (K)
1 variant

Best (4-layer) lifted index uses parcels from the lowest four model layers to assess stability at 500 hPa. More negative values indicate greater instability.

  • Units: K.
  • Often used alongside CAPE and CIN in convective forecasting.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"4LFTX","level":"surface","info":""}
5WAVA 5-Wave Geopotential Height Anomaly (m)
1 variant

5-wave geopotential height anomaly isolates planetary-scale wave patterns in the midlatitude flow. It highlights departures from the climatological wave-5 structure, useful for large-scale regime analysis.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"5WAVA","level":"500 mb","info":""}
5WAVH 5-Wave Geopotential Height (m)
1 variant

5-wave geopotential height represents the planetary-scale wave-5 component of the flow. It is used in long-range diagnostics to describe large-scale ridge and trough patterns.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"5WAVH","level":"500 mb","info":""}
ABSV Absolute Vorticity (1/s)
37 variants

Absolute vorticity combines relative vorticity and planetary vorticity from Earth's rotation. It highlights rotation and dynamical forcing in the flow.

  • Units: 1/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ABSV","level":"975 mb","info":""}
ACOND Aerodynamic Conductance (m/s)
1 variant

Aerodynamic conductance measures the efficiency of turbulent exchange of heat and moisture between the surface and atmosphere. It depends on wind speed, stability, and surface roughness and is used in surface energy balance and evapotranspiration calculations.

  • Units: m/s.
  • Higher values indicate stronger surface-atmosphere coupling and faster exchange.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ACOND","level":"surface","info":""}
ACPCP Convective Precipitation (kg/m²)
1 variant

Convective precipitation accumulation represents precipitation produced by the convection scheme during the output period. It isolates convective rainfall from larger-scale precipitation.

  • Units: kg/m².
  • Useful for identifying convectively driven rainfall contributions.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ACPCP","level":"surface","info":""}
ALBDO Surface Albedo (percent)
1 variant

Surface albedo is the fraction of incoming shortwave radiation reflected by the surface. Higher albedo means less solar energy absorbed and a cooler surface.

  • Units: percent.
  • Important for snow and ice feedbacks and surface energy balance.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ALBDO","level":"surface","info":""}
APCP Accumulated Precipitation (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Accumulated precipitation represents the total water-equivalent amount of rain and snow during the output period. It is a primary field for hydrologic impacts and event totals.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
  • Use with the model time interval to interpret totals and compare to gauges.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"APCP","level":"surface","info":""}
CAPE Convective Available Potential Energy (J/kg)
2 variants

Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) quantifies buoyant energy available to rising air parcels. Larger values generally imply stronger potential updrafts and greater convective intensity.

  • Units: J/kg.
  • Often used with CIN and lifting mechanisms to assess thunderstorm potential.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
180-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CAPE","level":"180-0 mb above ground","info":""}
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CAPE","level":"surface","info":""}
CDUVB Clear Sky UV-B Downward Solar Flux (W/m²)
1 variant

Clear‑sky UV‑B downward flux is UV‑B radiation at the surface without cloud effects. It is used for UV exposure estimates.

  • Units: W/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CDUVB","level":"surface","info":""}
CFRZR Categorical Freezing Rain (flag)
1 variant

Categorical indicator of freezing rain occurrence at the surface during the output period.

  • Units: flag.
  • Useful as a mask for icing or glaze hazards.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.222
Source
0
No
1
Yes
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CFRZR","level":"surface","info":""}
CICEP Categorical Ice Pellets (flag)
1 variant

Categorical indicator of ice pellet (sleet) occurrence at the surface during the output period.

  • Units: flag.
  • Use with precipitation fields to gauge intensity.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.222
Source
0
No
1
Yes
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CICEP","level":"surface","info":""}
CIN Convective Inhibition (J/kg)
2 variants

Convective Inhibition (CIN) measures the energy barrier that must be overcome to initiate convection. More negative values indicate a stronger cap that can suppress storms.

  • Units: J/kg.
  • When CIN is weak and CAPE is high, convection is more likely.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
180-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CIN","level":"180-0 mb above ground","info":""}
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CIN","level":"surface","info":""}
CLMR Cloud Water Mixing Ratio (kg/kg)
32 variants

Cloud water mixing ratio is the mass of liquid cloud droplets per mass of air. It describes in‑cloud liquid water content.

  • Units: kg/kg.
  • Cloud fraction influences surface radiation and temperature.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"175 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"250 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"450 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"650 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CLMR","level":"975 mb","info":""}
CNWAT Plant Canopy Surface Water (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Plant canopy surface water is liquid water intercepted by vegetation. It represents interception storage and evaporation potential.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CNWAT","level":"surface","info":""}
CPRAT Convective Precipitation Rate (kg/m²/s)
1 variant

Convective precipitation rate is the intensity of precipitation produced by convection. It highlights storm‑driven rainfall rates.

  • Units: kg/m²/s.
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CPRAT","level":"surface","info":""}
CRAIN Categorical Rain (flag)
1 variant

Categorical indicator of rain occurrence at the surface during the output period. Useful as a yes/no mask for rain.

  • Units: flag.
  • Use with accumulation or rate fields for intensity.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.222
Source
0
No
1
Yes
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CRAIN","level":"surface","info":""}
CSDLF Clear Sky Downward Longwave Radiation Flux (W/m²)
1 variant

Downward longwave (thermal) flux represents incoming energy at the surface. Clear-sky versions remove cloud effects to isolate the atmospheric background.

  • Units: W/m².
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSDLF","level":"surface","info":""}
CSDSF Clear Sky Downward Shortwave Flux (W m-2)
1 variant

Clear‑sky downward shortwave flux is broadband solar energy at the surface without cloud effects.

  • Units: W m-2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSDSF","level":"surface","info":""}
CSNOW Categorical Snow (flag)
1 variant

Categorical indicator of snow occurrence at the surface during the output period.

  • Units: flag.
  • Use alongside snowfall/snow-water-equivalent fields.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.222
Source
0
No
1
Yes
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSNOW","level":"surface","info":""}
CSULF Clear Sky Upward Longwave Radiation Flux (W/m²)
2 variants

Upward longwave (thermal) flux represents outgoing energy at the surface. Clear-sky versions remove cloud effects to isolate the atmospheric background.

  • Units: W/m².
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSULF","level":"surface","info":""}
top of atmosphere 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSULF","level":"top of atmosphere","info":""}
CSUSF Clear Sky Upward Solar Flux (W/m²)
2 variants

Upward shortwave (solar) flux represents outgoing energy at the surface. Clear-sky versions remove cloud effects to isolate the atmospheric background.

  • Units: W/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSUSF","level":"surface","info":""}
top of atmosphere 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CSUSF","level":"top of atmosphere","info":""}
CWAT Cloud Water (kg/m²)
1 variant

Cloud water is the total liquid water content (often column‑integrated). It is used to assess cloud water burden.

  • Units: kg/m².
  • Cloud fraction influences surface radiation and temperature.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CWAT","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
CWORK Cloud Work Function (J/kg)
1 variant

Cloud work function is an energy measure used by convection schemes to diagnose convective potential. Larger values generally indicate a more favorable environment for deep convection.

  • Units: J/kg.
  • Cloud fraction influences surface radiation and temperature.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"CWORK","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
DLWRF Downward Longwave Radiation Flux (W/m^2)
1 variant

Downward longwave (thermal) flux represents incoming energy at the surface. It is a key driver of surface heating and cooling.

  • Units: W/m^2.
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DLWRF","level":"surface","info":""}
DPT Dew Point Temperature (K)
2 variants

Dew point temperature is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated. It is a direct measure of moisture content.

  • Units: K.
  • When dew point is close to air temperature, fog or low cloud potential increases.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DPT","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DPT","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
DSWRF Downward Short-Wave Radiation Flux (W/m^2)
2 variants

Downward radiative flux represents incoming energy at the surface. It is a key driver of surface heating and cooling.

  • Units: W/m^2.
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DSWRF","level":"surface","info":""}
top of atmosphere 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DSWRF","level":"top of atmosphere","info":""}
DUVB UV-B Downward Solar Flux (W/m²)
1 variant

Downward UV‑B solar flux is the UV‑B portion of incoming sunlight at the surface. It is used for UV exposure and health guidance.

  • Units: W/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"DUVB","level":"surface","info":""}
EVBS Direct Evaporation from Bare Soil (W/m^2)
1 variant

Direct evaporation from bare soil is the latent heat flux associated with moisture evaporating from exposed soil surfaces.

  • Units: W/m^2.
  • Soil state affects evapotranspiration and boundary-layer moisture.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"EVBS","level":"surface","info":""}
EVCW Evaporation from Canopy Interception (kg/m²)
1 variant

Canopy evaporation represents water stored on vegetation surfaces that evaporates back to the atmosphere. It affects rainfall interception losses.

  • Units: kg/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"EVCW","level":"surface","info":""}
FRICV Frictional Velocity (m/s)
1 variant

Friction velocity (u*) is a measure of near‑surface shear stress. It is commonly used in turbulence, dust, and air‑sea exchange calculations.

  • Units: m/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"FRICV","level":"surface","info":""}
GFLUX Ground Heat Flux (W/m^2)
1 variant

Ground heat flux is the conductive heat exchange between the surface and the subsurface. It is a key term in the surface energy balance.

  • Units: W/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"GFLUX","level":"surface","info":""}
GPA Geopotential Anomaly (m²/s²)
2 variants

Geopotential anomaly is the departure of geopotential from a reference field. It highlights large-scale mass anomalies and flow regime shifts.

  • Units: m²/s².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"GPA","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"GPA","level":"500 mb","info":""}
HGT Geopotential Height (gpm)
51 variants

Geopotential height is the altitude of a pressure surface in the atmosphere. It is the primary field for identifying ridges, troughs, and large‑scale flow patterns.

  • Units: gpm.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0C isotherm 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"0C isotherm","info":""}
1 hybrid level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"1 hybrid level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"975 mb","info":""}
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
highest tropospheric freezing level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"highest tropospheric freezing level","info":""}
max wind 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"max wind","info":""}
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"surface","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HGT","level":"tropopause","info":""}
HLCY Storm Relative Helicity (m^2/s^2)
2 variants

Storm-relative helicity measures the potential for streamwise vorticity to be ingested by a storm updraft. Higher values suggest a greater likelihood of rotating updrafts.

  • Units: m^2/s^2.
  • Commonly evaluated in the lowest 1 to 3 km layer.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1000-0 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HLCY","level":"1000-0 m above ground","info":""}
3000-0 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HLCY","level":"3000-0 m above ground","info":""}
HPBL Planetary Boundary Layer Height (m)
1 variant

Boundary layer height marks the depth of the turbulent surface-influenced layer. It affects mixing, dispersion, and surface fluxes.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"HPBL","level":"surface","info":""}
ICEC Ice Cover (Proportion)
1 variant

Ice cover is the proportion of the grid cell covered by ice. It is used as a surface-state mask for sea ice and related cryosphere diagnostics.

  • Units: Proportion.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ICEC","level":"surface","info":""}
ICETK Ice Thickness (m)
1 variant

Ice thickness is the physical thickness of sea or lake ice. It is important for marine navigation and heat exchange.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ICETK","level":"surface","info":""}
LAND Land Cover (0=sea, 1=land) (Proportion)
1 variant

Land cover is a land/sea mask where 0 indicates sea and 1 indicates land. It is used to separate land and ocean surface processes.

  • Units: Proportion.
Land mask
0
Water
1
Land
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"LAND","level":"surface","info":""}
LFTX Surface Lifted Index (K)
1 variant

Lifted Index compares a lifted parcel's temperature to the environment at 500 hPa. More negative values indicate greater instability and thunderstorm potential.

  • Units: K.
  • Values near zero indicate neutral stability.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"LFTX","level":"surface","info":""}
LHTFL Latent Heat Net Flux (W/m^2)
1 variant

Latent heat net flux represents energy exchange due to evaporation/condensation at the surface. It links moisture and energy budgets.

  • Units: W/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"LHTFL","level":"surface","info":""}
NCPCP Non-Convective Precipitation (kg/m²)
1 variant

Convective precipitation is water-equivalent accumulation produced by convective processes during the output period. It highlights thunderstorm-driven rainfall.

  • Units: kg/m².
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"NCPCP","level":"surface","info":""}
O3MR Ozone Mixing Ratio (kg/kg)
37 variants

Ozone mixing ratio is the mass of ozone per mass of air. It is used in radiation, chemistry, and upper‑air diagnostics.

  • Units: kg/kg.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"O3MR","level":"975 mb","info":""}
PEVPR Potential Evaporation Rate (W/m^2)
1 variant

Potential evaporation rate is the potential latent heat flux for evaporation under an assumed unlimited water supply.

  • Units: W/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PEVPR","level":"surface","info":""}
PLI Parcel Lifted Index (K)
1 variant

Parcel lifted index compares a lifted parcel temperature to the environment at 500 hPa. More negative values indicate greater instability and thunderstorm potential.

  • Units: K.
  • More negative values indicate greater instability.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PLI","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
POT Potential Temperature (K)
1 variant

Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel would have if brought dry‑adiabatically to a reference pressure. It is used for stability.

  • Units: K.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"POT","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
PRATE Precipitation Rate (kg/(m^2 s))
1 variant

Precipitation rate is the total intensity of precipitation over the period. It combines convective and stratiform contributions.

  • Units: kg/(m^2 s).
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRATE","level":"surface","info":""}
PRES Pressure (Pa)
20 variants

Pressure is the atmospheric pressure at the specified level. It is a fundamental mass-field variable for dynamics and thermodynamics.

  • Units: Pa.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
convective cloud bottom level 1h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"convective cloud bottom level","info":""}
convective cloud top level 1h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"convective cloud top level","info":""}
high cloud bottom level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"high cloud bottom level","info":""}
high cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"high cloud top level","info":""}
low cloud bottom level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"low cloud bottom level","info":""}
low cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"low cloud top level","info":""}
max wind 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"max wind","info":""}
mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"mean sea level","info":""}
middle cloud bottom level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"middle cloud bottom level","info":""}
middle cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"middle cloud top level","info":""}
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"surface","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRES","level":"tropopause","info":""}
PRMSL Pressure Reduced to Mean Sea Level (Pa)
1 variant

Pressure reduced to mean sea level is MSLP computed from surface pressure and temperature. It is used to locate highs and lows.

  • Units: Pa.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PRMSL","level":"mean sea level","info":""}
PWAT Precipitable Water (kg/m^2)
2 variants

Precipitable water is the total column water vapor from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. It is a key moisture indicator.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PWAT","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"PWAT","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
QMAX Maximum Specific Humidity (kg/kg)
1 variant

Maximum specific humidity is the peak water‑vapor mixing ratio during the period. It highlights the moistest conditions.

  • Units: kg/kg.
  • Higher values indicate more atmospheric moisture and greater cloud or precip potential.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"QMAX","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
QMIN Minimum Specific Humidity (kg/kg)
1 variant

Minimum specific humidity is the lowest water‑vapor mixing ratio during the period. It highlights the driest conditions.

  • Units: kg/kg.
  • Higher values indicate more atmospheric moisture and greater cloud or precip potential.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"QMIN","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
RH Relative Humidity (percent)
47 variants

Relative humidity describes how close the air is to saturation at the specified level. High values favor cloud formation.

  • Units: percent.
  • Higher values indicate more atmospheric moisture and greater cloud or precip potential.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0.33-1 sigma layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0.33-1 sigma layer","info":""}
0.44-0.72 sigma layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0.44-0.72 sigma layer","info":""}
0.44-1 sigma layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0.44-1 sigma layer","info":""}
0.72-0.94 sigma layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0.72-0.94 sigma layer","info":""}
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
0C isotherm 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"0C isotherm","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"30 mb","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"975 mb","info":""}
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
highest tropospheric freezing level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"RH","level":"highest tropospheric freezing level","info":""}
SBSNO Sublimation (Snow Cover) (kg/m²)
1 variant

Snow sublimation is the loss of snow directly to water vapor. It reduces snowpack without melting and can be important in dry, windy conditions.

  • Units: kg/m².
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SBSNO","level":"surface","info":""}
SFCR Surface Roughness (m)
1 variant

Surface roughness length is the effective height of surface obstacles that control drag. It strongly influences near-surface wind, turbulence, and exchange fluxes.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SFCR","level":"surface","info":""}
SFEXC Exchange Coefficient at Surface (dimensionless)
1 variant

Surface exchange coefficient is the bulk transfer coefficient used to compute turbulent heat and moisture fluxes. It depends on stability and roughness.

  • Units: dimensionless.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SFEXC","level":"surface","info":""}
SHTFL Sensible Heat Net Flux (W/m^2)
1 variant

Sensible heat net flux is turbulent heat exchange driven by temperature differences. It affects near‑surface temperature and stability.

  • Units: W/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SHTFL","level":"surface","info":""}
SLTYP Surface Slope Type (Index)
1 variant

Surface slope type is the land-surface slope classification used by the model for runoff and drainage behavior.

  • Units: Index.
  • Soil state affects evapotranspiration and boundary-layer moisture.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SLTYP","level":"surface","info":""}
SNOD Snow Depth (m)
1 variant

Snow depth is the physical thickness of the snowpack. It is distinct from snow water equivalent, which measures water content.

  • Units: m.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SNOD","level":"surface","info":""}
SNOHF Snow Phase Change Heat Flux (W m-2)
1 variant

Snow phase change heat flux is the energy used for melting or freezing snow. It links radiation and snowpack evolution.

  • Units: W m-2.
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SNOHF","level":"surface","info":""}
SNOWC Snow Cover (percent)
1 variant

Snow cover is the fraction of the grid cell covered by snow. It helps interpret albedo, runoff timing, and surface energy balance.

  • Units: percent.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SNOWC","level":"surface","info":""}
SOILL Liquid Volumetric Soil Moisture (non-frozen) (Proportion)
4 variants

Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen) is the liquid portion of soil water expressed as a proportion of soil volume, excluding soil ice.

  • Units: Proportion.
  • Soil state affects evapotranspiration and boundary-layer moisture.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0-0.1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILL","level":"0-0.1 m below ground","info":""}
0.1-0.4 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILL","level":"0.1-0.4 m below ground","info":""}
0.4-1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILL","level":"0.4-1 m below ground","info":""}
1-2 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILL","level":"1-2 m below ground","info":""}
SOILM Soil Moisture Content (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Soil moisture content is the amount of water stored in the soil layer or column represented by the product.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
  • Soil state affects evapotranspiration and boundary-layer moisture.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0-2 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILM","level":"0-2 m below ground","info":""}
SOILW Volumetric Soil Moisture Content (Fraction)
4 variants

Volumetric soil moisture is the fraction of soil volume occupied by water. It is commonly used in hydrology and drought monitoring.

  • Units: Fraction.
  • Soil state affects evapotranspiration and boundary-layer moisture.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0-0.1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILW","level":"0-0.1 m below ground","info":""}
0.1-0.4 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILW","level":"0.1-0.4 m below ground","info":""}
0.4-1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILW","level":"0.4-1 m below ground","info":""}
1-2 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOILW","level":"1-2 m below ground","info":""}
SOTYP Soil Type (code)
1 variant

Soil type class used by the land-surface model. It controls infiltration, drainage, and heat/moisture storage, and strongly affects runoff and evapotranspiration.

  • Units: code.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.213
Source
0
Reserved
1
Sand
2
Loamy sand
3
Sandy loam
4
Silt loam
5
Organic
6
Sandy clay loam
7
Silty clay loam
8
Clay loam
9
Sandy clay
10
Silty clay
11
Clay
12-191
Reserved
192-254
Reserved for local use
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SOTYP","level":"surface","info":""}
SPFH Specific Humidity (kg/kg)
40 variants

Specific humidity is the mass of water vapor per mass of air at the specified level. It is central to moisture transport.

  • Units: kg/kg.
  • Higher values indicate more atmospheric moisture and greater cloud or precip potential.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1 hybrid level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"1 hybrid level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"30 mb","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SPFH","level":"975 mb","info":""}
SSRUN Storm Surface Runoff (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Storm surface runoff represents overland flow generated by rainfall or snowmelt. It responds quickly to heavy precipitation.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"SSRUN","level":"surface","info":""}
STRM Stream Function (m2 s-1)
37 variants

Stream function is a flow potential whose contours follow non-divergent flow. It is used to visualize rotational components of the wind field.

  • Units: m2 s-1.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"STRM","level":"975 mb","info":""}
TCDC Total Cloud Cover (percent)
6 variants

Total cloud cover is the fraction of the grid cell covered by clouds at any level. It influences radiation, temperature, and visibility.

  • Units: percent.
  • Cloud fraction influences surface radiation and temperature.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
boundary layer cloud layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"boundary layer cloud layer","info":""}
convective cloud layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"convective cloud layer","info":""}
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
high cloud layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"high cloud layer","info":""}
low cloud layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"low cloud layer","info":""}
middle cloud layer 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TCDC","level":"middle cloud layer","info":""}
TMAX Maximum Temperature (K)
1 variant

Maximum temperature is the highest temperature reached during the output period. It is commonly used for heat stress and daily extremes.

  • Units: K.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMAX","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
TMIN Minimum Temperature (K)
1 variant

Minimum temperature is the lowest temperature reached during the output period. It is commonly used for frost and cold-stress assessment.

  • Units: K.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMIN","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
TMP Temperature (K)
63 variants

Air temperature is the thermal state of the atmosphere at the specified level. It influences density, stability, and energy exchange.

  • Units: K.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0-0.1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"0-0.1 m below ground","info":""}
0.1-0.4 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"0.1-0.4 m below ground","info":""}
0.4-1 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"0.4-1 m below ground","info":""}
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
1 hybrid level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"1 hybrid level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"1 mb","info":""}
1-2 m below ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"1-2 m below ground","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"175 mb","info":""}
1829 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"1829 m above mean sea level","info":""}
2 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"2 m above ground","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"250 mb","info":""}
2743 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"2743 m above mean sea level","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"30 mb","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"350 mb","info":""}
3658 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"3658 m above mean sea level","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"450 mb","info":""}
4572 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"4572 m above mean sea level","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"975 mb","info":""}
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
high cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"high cloud top level","info":""}
low cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"low cloud top level","info":""}
max wind 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"max wind","info":""}
middle cloud top level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"middle cloud top level","info":""}
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"surface","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TMP","level":"tropopause","info":""}
TOZNE Total Column Ozone (Dobson)
1 variant

Total column ozone is the integrated ozone amount through the atmosphere. It affects UV radiation reaching the surface and atmospheric chemistry.

  • Units: Dobson.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer) 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TOZNE","level":"entire atmosphere (considered as a single layer)","info":""}
TRANS Transpiration Rate (kg/m²/s)
1 variant

Transpiration rate is the flux of water vapor from vegetation to the atmosphere. It links plant activity to surface energy balance and humidity.

  • Units: kg/m²/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"TRANS","level":"surface","info":""}
U-GWD Zonal Gravity Wave Stress (N/m²)
1 variant

Zonal gravity wave stress is the east-west component of momentum flux from unresolved gravity waves. It affects large-scale circulation and jet dynamics.

  • Units: N/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"U-GWD","level":"surface","info":""}
UFLX Momentum Flux, U Component (N/m²)
1 variant

Momentum flux, u‑component is the east‑west surface stress exerted by the atmosphere. It drives boundary-layer dynamics.

  • Units: N/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UFLX","level":"surface","info":""}
UGRD U-Component of Wind (m/s)
55 variants

U‑component of wind is the east‑west component of the horizontal wind. Combine with v for speed and direction.

  • Units: m/s.
  • Combine u and v components to compute speed and direction.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
1 hybrid level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"1 hybrid level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"10 m above ground","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"175 mb","info":""}
1829 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"1829 m above mean sea level","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"250 mb","info":""}
2743 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"2743 m above mean sea level","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"30 mb","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"350 mb","info":""}
3658 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"3658 m above mean sea level","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"450 mb","info":""}
4572 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"4572 m above mean sea level","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"975 mb","info":""}
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
max wind 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"max wind","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"UGRD","level":"tropopause","info":""}
ULWRF Upward Longwave Radiation Flux (W/m^2)
2 variants

Upward longwave (thermal) flux represents outgoing energy at the surface. It is a key driver of surface heating and cooling.

  • Units: W/m^2.
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ULWRF","level":"surface","info":""}
top of atmosphere 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"ULWRF","level":"top of atmosphere","info":""}
USTM U-Component of Storm Motion (m/s)
1 variant

U‑component of storm motion is the east‑west component of the storm translation vector.

  • Units: m/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
6000-0 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"USTM","level":"6000-0 m above ground","info":""}
USWRF Upward Short-Wave Radiation Flux (W/m^2)
2 variants

Upward radiative flux represents outgoing energy at the surface. It is a key driver of surface heating and cooling.

  • Units: W/m^2.
  • Shortwave affects surface heating; longwave affects radiative cooling.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"USWRF","level":"surface","info":""}
top of atmosphere 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"USWRF","level":"top of atmosphere","info":""}
V-GWD Meridional Gravity Wave Stress (N/m²)
1 variant

Meridional gravity wave stress is the north-south component of momentum flux from unresolved gravity waves. It affects large-scale circulation and jet dynamics.

  • Units: N/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"V-GWD","level":"surface","info":""}
VEG Vegetation Fraction (percent)
1 variant

Vegetation fraction is the portion of the grid cell covered by vegetation. It affects albedo, roughness, and evapotranspiration.

  • Units: percent.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VEG","level":"surface","info":""}
VFLX Momentum Flux, V Component (N/m²)
1 variant

Momentum flux, v‑component is the north‑south surface stress exerted by the atmosphere. It drives boundary-layer dynamics.

  • Units: N/m².
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VFLX","level":"surface","info":""}
VGRD V-Component of Wind (m/s)
55 variants

V‑component of wind is the north‑south component of the horizontal wind. Combine with u for speed and direction.

  • Units: m/s.
  • Combine u and v components to compute speed and direction.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
1 hybrid level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"1 hybrid level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"10 m above ground","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"175 mb","info":""}
1829 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"1829 m above mean sea level","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"250 mb","info":""}
2743 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"2743 m above mean sea level","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"30 mb","info":""}
30-0 mb above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"30-0 mb above ground","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"350 mb","info":""}
3658 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"3658 m above mean sea level","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"450 mb","info":""}
4572 m above mean sea level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"4572 m above mean sea level","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"975 mb","info":""}
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
max wind 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"max wind","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGRD","level":"tropopause","info":""}
VGTYP Vegetation Type (code)
1 variant

Categorical land-use/vegetation class. It is used to set roughness, albedo, canopy properties, and other surface-exchange parameters.

  • Units: code.
NOAA GRIB2 Table 4.212
Source
0
Reserved
1
Urban land
2
Agricultural
3
Range land
4
Deciduous forest
5
Coniferous forest
6
Forest/wetland
7
Water
8
Wetlands
9
Desert
10
Tundra
11
Ice
12
Tropical forest
13
Savannah
14-191
Reserved
192-254
Reserved for local use
255
Missing
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VGTYP","level":"surface","info":""}
VPOT Velocity Potential (m²/s)
37 variants

Velocity potential represents the divergent component of the wind. It is used with stream function to separate divergent and rotational flow.

  • Units: m²/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VPOT","level":"975 mb","info":""}
VSTM V-Component Storm Motion (m/s)
1 variant

V-component storm motion represents the north-south component of storm motion. Positive values indicate motion toward the north.

  • Units: m/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
6000-0 m above ground 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VSTM","level":"6000-0 m above ground","info":""}
VVEL Vertical Velocity (Pressure) (Pa/s)
38 variants

Vertical velocity in pressure coordinates (omega). Negative values indicate upward motion (rising air); positive values indicate subsidence.

  • Units: Pa/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
0.995 sigma level 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"0.995 sigma level","info":""}
1 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"1 mb","info":""}
10 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"10 mb","info":""}
100 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"100 mb","info":""}
1000 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"1000 mb","info":""}
125 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"125 mb","info":""}
150 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"150 mb","info":""}
175 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"175 mb","info":""}
2 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"2 mb","info":""}
20 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"20 mb","info":""}
200 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"200 mb","info":""}
225 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"225 mb","info":""}
250 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"250 mb","info":""}
3 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"3 mb","info":""}
30 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"30 mb","info":""}
300 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"300 mb","info":""}
350 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"350 mb","info":""}
400 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"400 mb","info":""}
450 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"450 mb","info":""}
5 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"5 mb","info":""}
50 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"50 mb","info":""}
500 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"500 mb","info":""}
550 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"550 mb","info":""}
600 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"600 mb","info":""}
650 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"650 mb","info":""}
7 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"7 mb","info":""}
70 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"70 mb","info":""}
700 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"700 mb","info":""}
750 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"750 mb","info":""}
775 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"775 mb","info":""}
800 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"800 mb","info":""}
825 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"825 mb","info":""}
850 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"850 mb","info":""}
875 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"875 mb","info":""}
900 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"900 mb","info":""}
925 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"925 mb","info":""}
950 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"950 mb","info":""}
975 mb 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VVEL","level":"975 mb","info":""}
VWSH Vertical Wind Shear (1/s)
9 variants

Vertical wind shear measures how wind changes with height. It influences storm organization and aviation turbulence.

  • Units: 1/s.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=-1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=-1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=-2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=-5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=1.5e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=1e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=2e-06 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"PV=5e-07 (Km^2/kg/s) surface","info":""}
tropopause 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"VWSH","level":"tropopause","info":""}
WATR Water Runoff (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Water runoff is the amount of water leaving the land surface as runoff during the period. It is useful for hydrology, flooding, and land-surface diagnostics.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"WATR","level":"surface","info":""}
WEASD Water Equivalent of Accumulated Snow Depth (kg/m^2)
1 variant

Snow water equivalent (SWE) is the total liquid water stored in the snowpack. It integrates depth and density of existing snow.

  • Units: kg/m^2.
  • Accumulations represent water-equivalent depth over the output interval; rates describe intensity.
Level Info Horizon Introduced Selector
surface 0h-9h 2023-04-22
{"name":"WEASD","level":"surface","info":""}

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