ECMWF Artificial Intelligence/Integrated Forecasting System (AIFS)

Name: ECMWF AIFS Global AI Weather Forecasts via GribStream
Creator: ECMWF
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

GribStream Code: aifsoper

Description

AIFS Oper is ECMWF’s AI-based global forecasting system run alongside the physics-based IFS. It replaces numerical solvers with a learned model trained on ERA5 and fine-tuned on operational IFS analyses. The network uses a graph-based encoder/decoder with a transformer processor to predict atmospheric evolution from an analysed initial state. Inputs span pressure-level and surface fields plus simple forcings (for example time of year and insolation). Closely related suites are the physics counterpart IFS Oper and the ensemble variant AIFS Ensemble.

Detail

Product page: ECMWF Open Data
Cycles: 00, 06, 12, 18 UTC
Forecast steps: 6-hourly to 360 h (15 days)
Resolution: 0.25° global grid (open-data subset)
Training: pre-trained on ERA5 (1979–2018), fine-tuned on 2019–2020 operational IFS analyses
Architecture: graph neural encoder/decoder with sliding-window transformer processor
Primary uses: medium-range global guidance, scenario exploration, benchmarking against physics models, research

Parameters:

Name	Level	Description	Introduced	Max Horizon
100u	sfc	100m U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
100v	sfc	100m V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
10u	sfc	10m U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
10v	sfc	10m V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
2d	sfc	2m Dewpoint Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
2t	sfc	2m Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
cp	sfc	Convective precipitation (m)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
hcc	sfc	High cloud cover (%)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
lcc	sfc	Low cloud cover (%)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
lsm	sfc	Land-Sea Mask (land=1/sea=0)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	0
msl	sfc	Mean Sea Level Pressure (Pa)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 100	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 1000	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 150	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 200	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 250	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 300	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 400	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 50	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 500	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 600	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 700	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 850	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
q	pl 925	Specific Humidity (kg/kg)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
rowe	sfc	Runoff water equivalent (surface plus subsurface) (kg/m^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
sdor	sfc	Orographic Standard Deviation (m)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	0
sot	sol 1	Soil Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
sot	sol 2	Soil Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
sp	sfc	Surface Pressure (Pa)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
ssrd	sfc	Surface Net Downward Shortwave Radiation (J/m^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
strd	sfc	Surface Net Downward Longwave Radiation (J/m^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 100	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 1000	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 150	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 200	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 250	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 300	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 400	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 50	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 500	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 600	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 700	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 850	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
t	pl 925	Temperature (K)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
tcc	sfc	Total cloud cover (%)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
tcw	sfc	Total Column Water (kg/m^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
tp	sfc	Total Precipitation (m)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 100	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 1000	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 150	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 200	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 250	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 300	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 400	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 50	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 500	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 600	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 700	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 850	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
u	pl 925	U-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 100	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 1000	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 150	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 200	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 250	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 300	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 400	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 50	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 500	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 600	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 700	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 850	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
v	pl 925	V-Component of Wind (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
vsw	sol 1	Volumetric Soil Water (m3/m3)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
vsw	sol 2	Volumetric Soil Water (m3/m3)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 100	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 1000	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 150	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 200	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 250	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 300	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 400	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 50	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 500	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 600	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 700	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 850	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
w	pl 925	Vertical Velocity (m/s)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 100	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 1000	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 150	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 200	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 250	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 300	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 400	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 50	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 500	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 600	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 700	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 850	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	pl 925	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	360
z	sfc	Geopotential (m^2/s^2)	2025-02-25T06:00:00Z	0